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#579: Implemented mmap for Windows directly in FileIo and made that class use the Pimpl idiom (#510) to de-clutter the interface. Unrelated: Added EXV_MIN/MAX macros, allow iconv config in commercial version.

Browse Source
v0.27.3
Andreas Huggel 16 years ago
parent db0a5b8338
commit 83cd2efab9
13 changed files with 318 additions and 570 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File

4
config/config.h.in
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@ -25,11 +25,11 @@
native language is requested. */ native language is requested. */
#undef ENABLE_NLS #undef ENABLE_NLS
#endif /* !EXV_COMMERCIAL_VERSION */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `iconv' function. */ /* Define to 1 if you have the `iconv' function. */
#undef HAVE_ICONV #undef HAVE_ICONV
#endif /* !EXV_COMMERCIAL_VERSION */
/* Define to `const' or to empty, depending on the second argument of `iconv'. */ /* Define to `const' or to empty, depending on the second argument of `iconv'. */
#undef ICONV_CONST #undef ICONV_CONST

15
msvc/exiv2lib/exiv2lib.vcproj
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@ -573,21 +573,6 @@ copy/y ..\..\..\zlib-1.2.3\projects\visualc6\Win32_DLL_Release\zlib1.dll $(OutDi
<File <File
RelativePath="..\include\exv_msvc.h"> RelativePath="..\include\exv_msvc.h">
</File> </File>
<File
RelativePath="..\src\mmap.cpp">
</File>
<File
RelativePath="..\include\sys\mman.h">
</File>
<File
RelativePath="..\include\sys\socket.h">
</File>
<File
RelativePath="..\include\sys\types.h">
</File>
<File
RelativePath="..\include\winposix_export.h">
</File>
</Filter> </Filter>
</Files> </Files>
<Globals> <Globals>

22
msvc/include/exv_msvc.h
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@ -43,14 +43,11 @@ typedef int pid_t;
native language is requested. */ native language is requested. */
# undef EXV_ENABLE_NLS # undef EXV_ENABLE_NLS
#endif /* !EXV_COMMERCIAL_VERSION */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `iconv' function. */ /* Define to 1 if you have the `iconv' function. */
# undef EXV_HAVE_ICONV # undef EXV_HAVE_ICONV
/* Define to 1 to enable conversion of UCS2 encoded Windows tags to UTF-8. */
# undef EXV_HAVE_PRINTUCS2
#endif /* !EXV_COMMERCIAL_VERSION */
/* Define as 1 if you have the `zlib' library. (0 to omit zlib) [png support] */ /* Define as 1 if you have the `zlib' library. (0 to omit zlib) [png support] */
#define HAVE_LIBZ 1 #define HAVE_LIBZ 1
@ -72,16 +69,11 @@ typedef int pid_t;
/* Windows unicode path support */ /* Windows unicode path support */
#define EXV_UNICODE_PATH #define EXV_UNICODE_PATH
/* Define to 1 if you have the "sys/mman.h header file (and supporting code of course) */ /* Define to 1 if you have the `mmap' function. */
/* At this time (between 0.18.1 and 0.19) this is used by TIFF files to avoid reading */ /* #undef EXV_HAVE_MMAP */
/* the total file into memory returning in a 6x improvement in exiv2 on 2mb tiff files */
#define EXV_HAVE_SYS_MMAN_H 1 /* Define to 1 if you have the `munmap' function. */
#ifdef EXV_HAVE_SYS_MMAN_H /* #undef EXV_HAVE_MUNMAP */
#if EXV_HAVE_SYS_MMAN_H
#define EXV_HAVE_MMAP 1
#define EXV_HAVE_MUNMAP 1
#endif
#endif
/* Shared library support */ /* Shared library support */
#ifdef EXV_HAVE_DLL #ifdef EXV_HAVE_DLL

57
msvc/include/sys/mman.h
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@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
/*
This file is part of the KDE libraries
Copyright (C) 2004 Jaroslaw Staniek <js@iidea.pl>
These sources are based on ftp://g.oswego.edu/pub/misc/malloc.c
file by Doug Lea, released to the public domain.
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
License version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Library General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public License
along with this library; see the file COPYING.LIB. If not, write to
the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
*/
#ifndef KDEWIN_SYS_MMAN_H
#define KDEWIN_SYS_MMAN_H
// include everywhere
#include <sys/types.h>
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#define PROT_NONE 0
#define PROT_READ 1
#define PROT_WRITE 2
#define PROT_EXEC 4
/* These values don't really matter in windows mmap emulation */
#define MAP_FILE 0
#define MAP_SHARED 1
#define MAP_PRIVATE 2
#define MAP_TYPE 0xF
#define MAP_FIXED 0x10
#define MAP_ANONYMOUS 0x20
#define MAP_ANON MAP_ANONYMOUS
#define MAP_FAILED ((void *)-1)
KDEWIN32_EXPORT void *mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot , int flags, int fd, off_t offset);
KDEWIN32_EXPORT int munmap(void *start, size_t length);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif // KDEWIN_SYS_MMAN_H

7
msvc/include/sys/socket.h
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@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
#ifndef _sys_socket_h_
#define _sys_socket_h_
// rmills
// minimum to enable mmap.cpp to compile without change
#endif

8
msvc/include/sys/types.h
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@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
#ifndef _types_h_
#define _types_h_
// rmills
// minimum required by exiv2
//
#include "winposix_export.h"
#endif

39
msvc/include/winposix_export.h
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@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
#ifndef _WINPOSIX_EXPORT_H_
#define _WINPOSIX_EXPORT_H_
// rmills
// msvc/include/winposix_export.h
//
// I'm very appreciative and respectful of the work of Jaroslaw Staniek <js@iidea.pl>
// in the KDE libraries where I found msvc/src/mmap.cpp and msvc/mman.h
//
// http://websvn.kde.org/trunk/KDE/kdelibs/win/include/msvc/sys/mman.h?revision=517357&view=markup&pathrev=519502
// http://websvn.kde.org/trunk/KDE/kdelibs/win/src/mmap.c?revision=519502&view=markup&pathrev=519502
// I have commented 2 essential tiny changes in mmap.cpp to make it compile with MSVC
// I've also added a dummy sys/socket.h and sys/types.h file to keep everybody happy!
//
// the contents of this file are the minimum required to enable exiv2 to compile link and execute the mmap.cpp code
//
#ifndef ENOTSUP
#define ENOTSUP 911
#endif
#ifndef off_t
#define off_t size_t
#endif
#ifndef KDEWIN32_EXPORT
#define KDEWIN32_EXPORT
#endif
// give MSVC 7.1 (VS 2003 .Net) encouragement to ignore _set_errno !
#if _MSC_VER < 1400
#ifndef _set_errno
#define _set_errno(x)
#endif
#endif
#endif

196
msvc/src/mmap.cpp
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@ -1,196 +0,0 @@
/*
This file is part of the KDE libraries
Copyright (c) 2006 Christian Ehrlicher <ch.ehrlicher@gmx.de>
These sources are based on ftp://g.oswego.edu/pub/misc/malloc.c
file by Doug Lea, released to the public domain.
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
License version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Library General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public License
along with this library; see the file COPYING.LIB. If not, write to
the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
*/
#include <winposix_export.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <io.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#ifndef SECTION_MAP_EXECUTE_EXPLICIT
//not defined in the February 2003 version of the Platform SDK
#define SECTION_MAP_EXECUTE_EXPLICIT 0x0020
#endif
#ifndef FILE_MAP_EXECUTE
//not defined in the February 2003 version of the Platform SDK
#define FILE_MAP_EXECUTE SECTION_MAP_EXECUTE_EXPLICIT
#endif
#define MUNMAP_FAILURE (-1)
#define USE_MALLOC_LOCK 1
struct mmapInfos {
HANDLE hFile; // the duplicated fd
HANDLE hMap; // handle returned by CreateFileMapping
void* start; // ptr returned by MapViewOfFile
};
CRITICAL_SECTION cs;
// rmills - only change is to add long to the following 2 lines
static long g_curMMapInfos = 0;
static long g_maxMMapInfos = -1;
static struct mmapInfos *g_mmapInfos = NULL;
#define NEW_MMAP_STRUCT_CNT 10
static int mapProtFlags(int flags, DWORD *dwAccess)
{
if ( ( flags & PROT_READ ) == PROT_READ ) {
if ( ( flags & PROT_WRITE ) == PROT_WRITE ) {
*dwAccess = FILE_MAP_WRITE;
if ( ( flags & PROT_EXEC ) == PROT_EXEC ) {
return PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE;
}
return PAGE_READWRITE;
}
if ( ( flags & PROT_EXEC ) == PROT_EXEC ) {
*dwAccess = FILE_MAP_EXECUTE;
return PAGE_EXECUTE_READ;
}
*dwAccess = FILE_MAP_READ;
return PAGE_READONLY;
}
if ( ( flags & PROT_WRITE ) == PROT_WRITE ) {
*dwAccess = FILE_MAP_COPY;
return PAGE_WRITECOPY;
}
if ( ( flags & PROT_EXEC ) == PROT_EXEC ) {
*dwAccess = FILE_MAP_EXECUTE;
return PAGE_EXECUTE_READ;
}
*dwAccess = 0;
return 0;
}
void *mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot , int flags, int fd, off_t offset)
{
struct mmapInfos mmi;
DWORD dwAccess;
DWORD flProtect;
HANDLE hfd;
if ( g_maxMMapInfos == -1 ) {
g_maxMMapInfos = 0;
InitializeCriticalSection( &cs );
}
flProtect = mapProtFlags( flags, &dwAccess );
if ( flProtect == 0 ) {
_set_errno( EINVAL );
return MAP_FAILED;
}
// we don't support this atm
if ( prot == MAP_FIXED ) {
_set_errno( ENOTSUP );
return MAP_FAILED;
}
if ( fd == -1 ) {
_set_errno( EBADF );
return MAP_FAILED;
}
hfd = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle( fd );
if ( hfd == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE )
return MAP_FAILED;
if ( !DuplicateHandle( GetCurrentProcess(), hfd, GetCurrentProcess(),
&mmi.hFile, 0, FALSE, DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS ) ) {
#ifdef _DEBUG
DWORD dwLastErr = GetLastError();
#endif
return MAP_FAILED;
}
mmi.hMap = CreateFileMapping( mmi.hFile, NULL, flProtect,
0, length, NULL );
if ( mmi.hMap == 0 ) {
_set_errno( EACCES );
return MAP_FAILED;
}
mmi.start = MapViewOfFile( mmi.hMap, dwAccess, 0, offset, 0 );
if ( mmi.start == 0 ) {
DWORD dwLastErr = GetLastError();
if ( dwLastErr == ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT )
_set_errno( EINVAL );
else
_set_errno( EACCES );
return MAP_FAILED;
}
EnterCriticalSection( &cs );
if ( g_mmapInfos == NULL ) {
g_maxMMapInfos = NEW_MMAP_STRUCT_CNT;
g_mmapInfos = ( struct mmapInfos* )calloc( g_maxMMapInfos,
sizeof( struct mmapInfos ) );
}
if( g_curMMapInfos == g_maxMMapInfos) {
g_maxMMapInfos += NEW_MMAP_STRUCT_CNT;
g_mmapInfos = ( struct mmapInfos* )realloc( g_mmapInfos,
g_maxMMapInfos * sizeof( struct mmapInfos ) );
}
memcpy( &g_mmapInfos[g_curMMapInfos], &mmi, sizeof( struct mmapInfos) );
g_curMMapInfos++;
LeaveCriticalSection( &cs );
return mmi.start;
}
int munmap(void *start, size_t length)
{
int i, j;
for( i = 0; i < g_curMMapInfos; i++ ) {
if( g_mmapInfos[i].start == start )
break;
}
if( i == g_curMMapInfos ) {
_set_errno( EINVAL );
return -1;
}
UnmapViewOfFile( g_mmapInfos[i].start );
CloseHandle( g_mmapInfos[i].hMap );
CloseHandle( g_mmapInfos[i].hFile );
EnterCriticalSection( &cs );
for( j = i + 1; j < g_curMMapInfos; j++ ) {
memcpy( &g_mmapInfos[ j - 1 ], &g_mmapInfos[ j ],
sizeof( struct mmapInfos ) );
}
g_curMMapInfos--;
if( g_curMMapInfos == 0 ) {
free( g_mmapInfos );
g_mmapInfos = NULL;
g_maxMMapInfos = 0;
}
LeaveCriticalSection( &cs );
return 0;
}

2
samples/mmap-test.cpp
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@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ try {
throw Error(10, path, "rb", strError()); throw Error(10, path, "rb", strError());
} }
// Map it to memory // Map it to memory
const byte* pData = file.mmap(); const Exiv2::byte* pData = file.mmap();
long size = file.size(); long size = file.size();
DataBuf buf(size); DataBuf buf(size);
// Read from the memory mapped region // Read from the memory mapped region

478
src/basicio.cpp
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@ -61,7 +61,13 @@ EXIV2_RCSID("@(#) $Id$")
# include <unistd.h> // for getpid, stat # include <unistd.h> // for getpid, stat
#endif #endif
// MSVC doesn't provide mode_t
#ifdef _MSC_VER
typedef unsigned short mode_t;
#endif
#if defined WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__ #if defined WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__
# include <windows.h>
# include <io.h> # include <io.h>
#endif #endif
@ -73,137 +79,298 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
{ {
} }
FileIo::FileIo(const std::string& path) //! Internal Pimpl structure of class FileIo.
class FileIo::Impl {
public:
Impl(const std::string& path); //!< Constructor
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
Impl(const std::wstring& wpath); //!< Constructor
#endif
// Enumeration
enum OpMode { opRead, opWrite, opSeek };
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
enum WpMode { wpStandard, wpUnicode };
#endif
// DATA
std::string path_;
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
std::wstring wpath_;
WpMode wpMode_;
#endif
std::string openMode_;
FILE *fp_;
OpMode opMode_;
#if defined WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__
HANDLE hFile_; // Duplicated fd
HANDLE hMap_; // Handle from CreateFileMapping
#endif
byte* pMappedArea_;
size_t mappedLength_;
bool isMalloced_; //!< Is the mapped area allocated?
bool isWriteable_; //!< Can the mapped area be written to?
// TYPES
//! Simple struct stat wrapper for internal use
struct StructStat {
StructStat() : st_mode(0), st_size(0) {}
mode_t st_mode; //!< Permissions
off_t st_size; //!< Size
};
// METHODS
/*!
@brief Switch to a new access mode, reopening the file if needed.
Optimized to only reopen the file when it is really necessary.
@param opMode The mode to switch to.
@return 0 if successful
*/
int switchMode(OpMode opMode);
//! stat wrapper for internal use
int stat(StructStat& buf) const;
private:
// NOT IMPLEMENTED
Impl(const Impl& rhs); //!< Copy constructor
Impl& operator=(const Impl& rhs); //!< Assignment
}; // class FileIo::Impl
FileIo::Impl::Impl(const std::string& path)
: path_(path), : path_(path),
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH #ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
wpMode_(wpStandard), wpMode_(wpStandard),
#endif #endif
fp_(0), opMode_(opSeek), fp_(0), opMode_(opSeek),
#if defined WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__
hFile_(0), hMap_(0),
#endif
pMappedArea_(0), mappedLength_(0), isMalloced_(false), isWriteable_(false) pMappedArea_(0), mappedLength_(0), isMalloced_(false), isWriteable_(false)
{ {
} }
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH #ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
FileIo::FileIo(const std::wstring& wpath) FileIo::Impl::Impl(const std::wstring& wpath)
: wpath_(wpath), : wpath_(wpath),
wpMode_(wpUnicode), wpMode_(wpUnicode),
fp_(0), opMode_(opSeek), fp_(0), opMode_(opSeek),
#if defined WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__
hFile_(0), hMap_(0),
#endif
pMappedArea_(0), mappedLength_(0), isMalloced_(false), isWriteable_(false) pMappedArea_(0), mappedLength_(0), isMalloced_(false), isWriteable_(false)
{ {
} }
#endif
int FileIo::Impl::switchMode(OpMode opMode)
{
assert(fp_ != 0);
if (opMode_ == opMode) return 0;
OpMode oldOpMode = opMode_;
opMode_ = opMode;
bool reopen = true;
switch(opMode) {
case opRead:
// Flush if current mode allows reading, else reopen (in mode "r+b"
// as in this case we know that we can write to the file)
if (openMode_[0] == 'r' || openMode_[1] == '+') reopen = false;
break;
case opWrite:
// Flush if current mode allows writing, else reopen
if (openMode_[0] != 'r' || openMode_[1] == '+') reopen = false;
break;
case opSeek:
reopen = false;
break;
}
if (!reopen) {
// Don't do anything when switching _from_ opSeek mode; we
// flush when switching _to_ opSeek.
if (oldOpMode == opSeek) return 0;
// Flush. On msvcrt fflush does not do the job
std::fseek(fp_, 0, SEEK_CUR);
return 0;
}
// Reopen the file
long offset = std::ftell(fp_);
if (offset == -1) return -1;
// 'Manual' open("r+b") to avoid munmap()
if (fp_ != 0) {
std::fclose(fp_);
fp_= 0;
}
openMode_ = "r+b";
opMode_ = opSeek;
fp_ = std::fopen(path_.c_str(), openMode_.c_str());
if (!fp_) return 1;
return std::fseek(fp_, offset, SEEK_SET);
} // FileIo::Impl::switchMode
int FileIo::Impl::stat(StructStat& buf) const
{
int ret = 0;
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
if (wpMode_ == wpUnicode) {
struct _stat st;
ret = ::_wstat(wpath_.c_str(), &st);
if (0 == ret) {
buf.st_size = st.st_size;
buf.st_mode = st.st_mode;
}
}
else
#endif
{
struct stat st;
ret = ::stat(path_.c_str(), &st);
if (0 == ret) {
buf.st_size = st.st_size;
buf.st_mode = st.st_mode;
}
}
return ret;
} // FileIo::Impl::stat
FileIo::FileIo(const std::string& path)
: p_(new Impl(path))
{
}
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
FileIo::FileIo(const std::wstring& wpath)
: p_(new Impl(wpath))
{
}
#endif #endif
FileIo::~FileIo() FileIo::~FileIo()
{ {
close(); close();
delete p_;
} }
int FileIo::munmap() int FileIo::munmap()
{ {
int rc = 0; int rc = 0;
if (pMappedArea_ != 0) { if (p_->pMappedArea_ != 0) {
#if defined EXV_HAVE_MMAP && defined EXV_HAVE_MUNMAP #if defined EXV_HAVE_MMAP && defined EXV_HAVE_MUNMAP
if (::munmap(pMappedArea_, mappedLength_) != 0) { if (::munmap(p_->pMappedArea_, p_->mappedLength_) != 0) {
rc = 1; rc = 1;
} }
#elif defined WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__
UnmapViewOfFile(p_->pMappedArea_);
CloseHandle(p_->hMap_);
p_->hMap_ = 0;
CloseHandle(p_->hFile_);
p_->hFile_ = 0;
#else #else
if (isWriteable_) { if (p_->isWriteable_) {
write(pMappedArea_, mappedLength_); write(p_->pMappedArea_, p_->mappedLength_);
} }
if (isMalloced_) { if (p_->isMalloced_) {
delete[] pMappedArea_; delete[] p_->pMappedArea_;
isMalloced_ = false; p_->isMalloced_ = false;
} }
#endif #endif
} }
if (isWriteable_) { if (p_->isWriteable_) {
if (fp_ != 0) switchMode(opRead); if (p_->fp_ != 0) p_->switchMode(Impl::opRead);
isWriteable_ = false; p_->isWriteable_ = false;
} }
pMappedArea_ = 0; p_->pMappedArea_ = 0;
mappedLength_ = 0; p_->mappedLength_ = 0;
return rc; return rc;
} }
byte* FileIo::mmap(bool isWriteable) byte* FileIo::mmap(bool isWriteable)
{ {
assert(fp_ != 0); assert(p_->fp_ != 0);
if (munmap() != 0) { if (munmap() != 0) {
throw Error(2, path_, strError(), "munmap"); throw Error(2, p_->path_, strError(), "munmap");
} }
mappedLength_ = size(); p_->mappedLength_ = size();
isWriteable_ = isWriteable; p_->isWriteable_ = isWriteable;
if (p_->isWriteable_ && p_->switchMode(Impl::opWrite) != 0) return 0;
#if defined EXV_HAVE_MMAP && defined EXV_HAVE_MUNMAP #if defined EXV_HAVE_MMAP && defined EXV_HAVE_MUNMAP
int prot = PROT_READ; int prot = PROT_READ;
if (isWriteable_) { if (p_->isWriteable_) {
prot |= PROT_WRITE; prot |= PROT_WRITE;
if (switchMode(opWrite) != 0) return 0;
} }
void* rc = ::mmap(0, mappedLength_, prot, MAP_SHARED, fileno(fp_), 0); void* rc = ::mmap(0, p_->mappedLength_, prot, MAP_SHARED, fileno(p_->fp_), 0);
if (MAP_FAILED == rc) { if (MAP_FAILED == rc) {
throw Error(2, path_, strError(), "mmap"); throw Error(2, p_->path_, strError(), "mmap");
}
p_->pMappedArea_ = static_cast<byte*>(rc);
#elif defined WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__
// Windows implementation
// TODO: An attempt to map a file with a length of 0 (zero) fails with
// an error code of ERROR_FILE_INVALID.
// Applications should test for files with a length of 0 (zero) and
// reject those files.
DWORD dwAccess = FILE_MAP_READ;
DWORD flProtect = PAGE_READONLY;
if (isWriteable) {
dwAccess = FILE_MAP_WRITE;
flProtect = PAGE_READWRITE;
}
HANDLE hPh = GetCurrentProcess();
HANDLE hFd = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fileno(p_->fp_));
if (hFd == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
throw Error(2, p_->path_, "MSG1", "_get_osfhandle");
} }
pMappedArea_ = static_cast<byte*>(rc); if (!DuplicateHandle(hPh, hFd, hPh, &p_->hFile_, 0, false, DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS)) {
throw Error(2, p_->path_, "MSG2", "DuplicateHandle");
}
p_->hMap_ = CreateFileMapping(p_->hFile_, 0, flProtect, 0, p_->mappedLength_, 0);
if (p_->hMap_ == 0 ) {
throw Error(2, p_->path_, "MSG3", "CreateFileMapping");
}
void* rc = MapViewOfFile(p_->hMap_, dwAccess, 0, 0, 0);
if (rc == 0) {
throw Error(2, p_->path_, "MSG4", "CreateFileMapping");
}
p_->pMappedArea_ = static_cast<byte*>(rc);
#else #else
// Workaround for platforms without mmap: Read the file into memory // Workaround for platforms without mmap: Read the file into memory
DataBuf buf(static_cast<long>(mappedLength_)); DataBuf buf(static_cast<long>(p_->mappedLength_));
read(buf.pData_, buf.size_); read(buf.pData_, buf.size_);
if (error() || eof()) throw Error(2, path_, strError(), "FileIo::mmap"); if (error() || eof()) throw Error(2, p_->path_, strError(), "FileIo::mmap");
pMappedArea_ = buf.release().first; p_->pMappedArea_ = buf.release().first;
isMalloced_ = true; p_->isMalloced_ = true;
#endif
return pMappedArea_;
}
int FileIo::stat(StructStat& buf) const
{
int ret = 0;
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
if (wpMode_ == wpUnicode) {
struct _stat st;
ret = ::_wstat(wpath_.c_str(), &st);
if (0 == ret) {
buf.st_size = st.st_size;
buf.st_mode = st.st_mode;
}
}
else
#endif #endif
{ return p_->pMappedArea_;
struct stat st;
ret = ::stat(path_.c_str(), &st);
if (0 == ret) {
buf.st_size = st.st_size;
buf.st_mode = st.st_mode;
}
}
return ret;
} }
BasicIo::AutoPtr FileIo::temporary() const BasicIo::AutoPtr FileIo::temporary() const
{ {
BasicIo::AutoPtr basicIo; BasicIo::AutoPtr basicIo;
StructStat buf; Impl::StructStat buf;
int ret = stat(buf); int ret = p_->stat(buf);
// If file is > 1MB then use a file, otherwise use memory buffer // If file is > 1MB then use a file, otherwise use memory buffer
if (ret != 0 || buf.st_size > 1048576) { if (ret != 0 || buf.st_size > 1048576) {
pid_t pid = ::getpid(); pid_t pid = ::getpid();
std::auto_ptr<FileIo> fileIo; std::auto_ptr<FileIo> fileIo;
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH #ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
if (wpMode_ == wpUnicode) { if (p_->wpMode_ == Impl::wpUnicode) {
std::wstring tmpname = wpath_ + s2ws(toString(pid)); std::wstring tmpname = p_->wpath_ + s2ws(toString(pid));
fileIo = std::auto_ptr<FileIo>(new FileIo(tmpname)); fileIo = std::auto_ptr<FileIo>(new FileIo(tmpname));
} }
else else
#endif #endif
{ {
std::string tmpname = path_ + toString(pid); std::string tmpname = p_->path_ + toString(pid);
fileIo = std::auto_ptr<FileIo>(new FileIo(tmpname)); fileIo = std::auto_ptr<FileIo>(new FileIo(tmpname));
} }
if (fileIo->open("w+b") != 0) { if (fileIo->open("w+b") != 0) {
throw Error(10, path_, "w+b", strError()); throw Error(10, p_->path_, "w+b", strError());
} }
basicIo = fileIo; basicIo = fileIo;
} }
@ -214,74 +381,26 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
return basicIo; return basicIo;
} }
int FileIo::switchMode(OpMode opMode)
{
assert(fp_ != 0);
if (opMode_ == opMode) return 0;
OpMode oldOpMode = opMode_;
opMode_ = opMode;
bool reopen = true;
switch(opMode) {
case opRead:
// Flush if current mode allows reading, else reopen (in mode "r+b"
// as in this case we know that we can write to the file)
if (openMode_[0] == 'r' || openMode_[1] == '+') reopen = false;
break;
case opWrite:
// Flush if current mode allows writing, else reopen
if (openMode_[0] != 'r' || openMode_[1] == '+') reopen = false;
break;
case opSeek:
reopen = false;
break;
}
if (!reopen) {
// Don't do anything when switching _from_ opSeek mode; we
// flush when switching _to_ opSeek.
if (oldOpMode == opSeek) return 0;
// Flush. On msvcrt fflush does not do the job
std::fseek(fp_, 0, SEEK_CUR);
return 0;
}
// Reopen the file
long offset = std::ftell(fp_);
if (offset == -1) return -1;
// 'Manual' open("r+b") to avoid munmap()
if (fp_ != 0) {
std::fclose(fp_);
fp_= 0;
}
openMode_ = "r+b";
opMode_ = opSeek;
fp_ = std::fopen(path_.c_str(), openMode_.c_str());
if (!fp_) return 1;
return std::fseek(fp_, offset, SEEK_SET);
}
long FileIo::write(const byte* data, long wcount) long FileIo::write(const byte* data, long wcount)
{ {
assert(fp_ != 0); assert(p_->fp_ != 0);
if (switchMode(opWrite) != 0) return 0; if (p_->switchMode(Impl::opWrite) != 0) return 0;
return (long)std::fwrite(data, 1, wcount, fp_); return (long)std::fwrite(data, 1, wcount, p_->fp_);
} }
long FileIo::write(BasicIo& src) long FileIo::write(BasicIo& src)
{ {
assert(fp_ != 0); assert(p_->fp_ != 0);
if (static_cast<BasicIo*>(this) == &src) return 0; if (static_cast<BasicIo*>(this) == &src) return 0;
if (!src.isopen()) return 0; if (!src.isopen()) return 0;
if (switchMode(opWrite) != 0) return 0; if (p_->switchMode(Impl::opWrite) != 0) return 0;
byte buf[4096]; byte buf[4096];
long readCount = 0; long readCount = 0;
long writeCount = 0; long writeCount = 0;
long writeTotal = 0; long writeTotal = 0;
while ((readCount = src.read(buf, sizeof(buf)))) { while ((readCount = src.read(buf, sizeof(buf)))) {
writeTotal += writeCount = (long)std::fwrite(buf, 1, readCount, fp_); writeTotal += writeCount = (long)std::fwrite(buf, 1, readCount, p_->fp_);
if (writeCount != readCount) { if (writeCount != readCount) {
// try to reset back to where write stopped // try to reset back to where write stopped
src.seek(writeCount-readCount, BasicIo::cur); src.seek(writeCount-readCount, BasicIo::cur);
@ -294,8 +413,8 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
void FileIo::transfer(BasicIo& src) void FileIo::transfer(BasicIo& src)
{ {
const bool wasOpen = (fp_ != 0); const bool wasOpen = (p_->fp_ != 0);
const std::string lastMode(openMode_); const std::string lastMode(p_->openMode_);
FileIo *fileIo = dynamic_cast<FileIo*>(&src); FileIo *fileIo = dynamic_cast<FileIo*>(&src);
if (fileIo) { if (fileIo) {
@ -305,15 +424,15 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
if (open("w+b") != 0) { if (open("w+b") != 0) {
// Remove the (temporary) file // Remove the (temporary) file
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH #ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
if (fileIo->wpMode_ == wpUnicode) { if (fileIo->p_->wpMode_ == Impl::wpUnicode) {
::_wremove(fileIo->wpath_.c_str()); ::_wremove(fileIo->p_->wpath_.c_str());
} }
else else
#endif #endif
{ {
::remove(fileIo->path_.c_str()); ::remove(fileIo->p_->path_.c_str());
} }
throw Error(10, path_, "w+b", strError()); throw Error(10, p_->path_, "w+b", strError());
} }
close(); close();
@ -322,13 +441,13 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
char* pf = 0; char* pf = 0;
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH #ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
wchar_t* wpf = 0; wchar_t* wpf = 0;
if (wpMode_ == wpUnicode) { if (p_->wpMode_ == Impl::wpUnicode) {
wpf = const_cast<wchar_t*>(wpath_.c_str()); wpf = const_cast<wchar_t*>(p_->wpath_.c_str());
} }
else else
#endif #endif
{ {
pf = const_cast<char*>(path_.c_str()); pf = const_cast<char*>(p_->path_.c_str());
} }
// Get the permissions of the file, or linked-to file, on platforms which have lstat // Get the permissions of the file, or linked-to file, on platforms which have lstat
@ -346,13 +465,13 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
} }
origStMode = buf1.st_mode; origStMode = buf1.st_mode;
DataBuf lbuf; // So that the allocated memory is freed. Must have same scope as pf DataBuf lbuf; // So that the allocated memory is freed. Must have same scope as pf
// In case path_ is a symlink, get the path of the linked-to file // In case p_->path_ is a symlink, get the path of the linked-to file
if (statOk && S_ISLNK(buf1.st_mode)) { if (statOk && S_ISLNK(buf1.st_mode)) {
lbuf.alloc(buf1.st_size + 1); lbuf.alloc(buf1.st_size + 1);
memset(lbuf.pData_, 0x0, lbuf.size_); memset(lbuf.pData_, 0x0, lbuf.size_);
pf = reinterpret_cast<char*>(lbuf.pData_); pf = reinterpret_cast<char*>(lbuf.pData_);
if (::readlink(path_.c_str(), pf, lbuf.size_ - 1) == -1) { if (::readlink(p_->path_.c_str(), pf, lbuf.size_ - 1) == -1) {
throw Error(2, path_, strError(), "readlink"); throw Error(2, p_->path_, strError(), "readlink");
} }
// We need the permissions of the file, not the symlink // We need the permissions of the file, not the symlink
if (::stat(pf, &buf1) == -1) { if (::stat(pf, &buf1) == -1) {
@ -364,8 +483,8 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
origStMode = buf1.st_mode; origStMode = buf1.st_mode;
} }
#else // EXV_HAVE_LSTAT #else // EXV_HAVE_LSTAT
StructStat buf1; Impl::StructStat buf1;
if (stat(buf1) == -1) { if (p_->stat(buf1) == -1) {
statOk = false; statOk = false;
} }
origStMode = buf1.st_mode; origStMode = buf1.st_mode;
@ -373,14 +492,14 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
// MSVCRT rename that does not overwrite existing files // MSVCRT rename that does not overwrite existing files
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH #ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
if (wpMode_ == wpUnicode) { if (p_->wpMode_ == Impl::wpUnicode) {
if (fileExists(wpf) && ::_wremove(wpf) != 0) { if (fileExists(wpf) && ::_wremove(wpf) != 0) {
throw Error(2, wpf, strError(), "::_wremove"); throw Error(2, wpf, strError(), "::_wremove");
} }
if (::_wrename(fileIo->wpath_.c_str(), wpf) == -1) { if (::_wrename(fileIo->p_->wpath_.c_str(), wpf) == -1) {
throw Error(17, ws2s(fileIo->wpath_), wpf, strError()); throw Error(17, ws2s(fileIo->p_->wpath_), wpf, strError());
} }
::_wremove(fileIo->wpath_.c_str()); ::_wremove(fileIo->p_->wpath_.c_str());
// Check permissions of new file // Check permissions of new file
struct _stat buf2; struct _stat buf2;
if (statOk && ::_wstat(wpf, &buf2) == -1) { if (statOk && ::_wstat(wpf, &buf2) == -1) {
@ -397,17 +516,17 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
#endif #endif
} }
} }
} // if (wpMode_ == wpUnicode) } // if (p_->wpMode_ == Impl::wpUnicode)
else else
#endif // EXV_UNICODE_PATH #endif // EXV_UNICODE_PATH
{ {
if (fileExists(pf) && ::remove(pf) != 0) { if (fileExists(pf) && ::remove(pf) != 0) {
throw Error(2, pf, strError(), "::remove"); throw Error(2, pf, strError(), "::remove");
} }
if (::rename(fileIo->path_.c_str(), pf) == -1) { if (::rename(fileIo->p_->path_.c_str(), pf) == -1) {
throw Error(17, fileIo->path_, pf, strError()); throw Error(17, fileIo->p_->path_, pf, strError());
} }
::remove(fileIo->path_.c_str()); ::remove(fileIo->p_->path_.c_str());
// Check permissions of new file // Check permissions of new file
struct stat buf2; struct stat buf2;
if (statOk && ::stat(pf, &buf2) == -1) { if (statOk && ::stat(pf, &buf2) == -1) {
@ -429,7 +548,7 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
else { else {
// Generic handling, reopen both to reset to start // Generic handling, reopen both to reset to start
if (open("w+b") != 0) { if (open("w+b") != 0) {
throw Error(10, path_, "w+b", strError()); throw Error(10, p_->path_, "w+b", strError());
} }
if (src.open() != 0) { if (src.open() != 0) {
throw Error(9, src.path(), strError()); throw Error(9, src.path(), strError());
@ -440,24 +559,24 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
if (wasOpen) { if (wasOpen) {
if (open(lastMode) != 0) { if (open(lastMode) != 0) {
throw Error(10, path_, lastMode, strError()); throw Error(10, p_->path_, lastMode, strError());
} }
} }
else close(); else close();
if (error() || src.error()) throw Error(18, path_, strError()); if (error() || src.error()) throw Error(18, p_->path_, strError());
} }
int FileIo::putb(byte data) int FileIo::putb(byte data)
{ {
assert(fp_ != 0); assert(p_->fp_ != 0);
if (switchMode(opWrite) != 0) return EOF; if (p_->switchMode(Impl::opWrite) != 0) return EOF;
return putc(data, fp_); return putc(data, p_->fp_);
} }
int FileIo::seek(long offset, Position pos) int FileIo::seek(long offset, Position pos)
{ {
assert(fp_ != 0); assert(p_->fp_ != 0);
int fileSeek = 0; int fileSeek = 0;
switch (pos) { switch (pos) {
@ -466,30 +585,29 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
case BasicIo::end: fileSeek = SEEK_END; break; case BasicIo::end: fileSeek = SEEK_END; break;
} }
if (switchMode(opSeek) != 0) return 1; if (p_->switchMode(Impl::opSeek) != 0) return 1;
return std::fseek(fp_, offset, fileSeek); return std::fseek(p_->fp_, offset, fileSeek);
} }
long FileIo::tell() const long FileIo::tell() const
{ {
assert(fp_ != 0); assert(p_->fp_ != 0);
return std::ftell(fp_); return std::ftell(p_->fp_);
} }
long FileIo::size() const long FileIo::size() const
{ {
// Flush and commit only if the file is open for writing // Flush and commit only if the file is open for writing
if (fp_ != 0 && (openMode_[0] != 'r' || openMode_[1] == '+')) { if (p_->fp_ != 0 && (p_->openMode_[0] != 'r' || p_->openMode_[1] == '+')) {
std::fflush(fp_); std::fflush(p_->fp_);
#if defined WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__ #if defined WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__
// This is required on msvcrt before stat after writing to a file // This is required on msvcrt before stat after writing to a file
_commit(_fileno(fp_)); _commit(_fileno(p_->fp_));
#endif #endif
} }
StructStat buf; Impl::StructStat buf;
int ret = stat(buf); int ret = p_->stat(buf);
if (ret != 0) return -1; if (ret != 0) return -1;
return buf.st_size; return buf.st_size;
@ -504,40 +622,40 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
int FileIo::open(const std::string& mode) int FileIo::open(const std::string& mode)
{ {
close(); close();
openMode_ = mode; p_->openMode_ = mode;
opMode_ = opSeek; p_->opMode_ = Impl::opSeek;
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH #ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
if (wpMode_ == wpUnicode) { if (p_->wpMode_ == Impl::wpUnicode) {
fp_ = ::_wfopen(wpath_.c_str(), s2ws(mode).c_str()); p_->fp_ = ::_wfopen(p_->wpath_.c_str(), s2ws(mode).c_str());
} }
else else
#endif #endif
{ {
fp_ = ::fopen(path_.c_str(), mode.c_str()); p_->fp_ = ::fopen(p_->path_.c_str(), mode.c_str());
} }
if (!fp_) return 1; if (!p_->fp_) return 1;
return 0; return 0;
} }
bool FileIo::isopen() const bool FileIo::isopen() const
{ {
return fp_ != 0; return p_->fp_ != 0;
} }
int FileIo::close() int FileIo::close()
{ {
int rc = 0; int rc = 0;
if (munmap() != 0) rc = 2; if (munmap() != 0) rc = 2;
if (fp_ != 0) { if (p_->fp_ != 0) {
if (std::fclose(fp_) != 0) rc |= 1; if (std::fclose(p_->fp_) != 0) rc |= 1;
fp_= 0; p_->fp_= 0;
} }
return rc; return rc;
} }
DataBuf FileIo::read(long rcount) DataBuf FileIo::read(long rcount)
{ {
assert(fp_ != 0); assert(p_->fp_ != 0);
DataBuf buf(rcount); DataBuf buf(rcount);
long readCount = read(buf.pData_, buf.size_); long readCount = read(buf.pData_, buf.size_);
buf.size_ = readCount; buf.size_ = readCount;
@ -546,46 +664,46 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
long FileIo::read(byte* buf, long rcount) long FileIo::read(byte* buf, long rcount)
{ {
assert(fp_ != 0); assert(p_->fp_ != 0);
if (switchMode(opRead) != 0) return 0; if (p_->switchMode(Impl::opRead) != 0) return 0;
return (long)std::fread(buf, 1, rcount, fp_); return (long)std::fread(buf, 1, rcount, p_->fp_);
} }
int FileIo::getb() int FileIo::getb()
{ {
assert(fp_ != 0); assert(p_->fp_ != 0);
if (switchMode(opRead) != 0) return EOF; if (p_->switchMode(Impl::opRead) != 0) return EOF;
return getc(fp_); return getc(p_->fp_);
} }
int FileIo::error() const int FileIo::error() const
{ {
return fp_ != 0 ? ferror(fp_) : 0; return p_->fp_ != 0 ? ferror(p_->fp_) : 0;
} }
bool FileIo::eof() const bool FileIo::eof() const
{ {
assert(fp_ != 0); assert(p_->fp_ != 0);
return feof(fp_) != 0; return feof(p_->fp_) != 0;
} }
std::string FileIo::path() const std::string FileIo::path() const
{ {
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH #ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
if (wpMode_ == wpUnicode) { if (p_->wpMode_ == Impl::wpUnicode) {
return ws2s(wpath_); return ws2s(p_->wpath_);
} }
#endif #endif
return path_; return p_->path_;
} }
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH #ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
std::wstring FileIo::wpath() const std::wstring FileIo::wpath() const
{ {
if (wpMode_ == wpStandard) { if (p_->wpMode_ == Impl::wpStandard) {
return s2ws(path_); return s2ws(p_->path_);
} }
return wpath_; return p_->wpath_;
} }
#endif #endif
@ -627,7 +745,7 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
if (!isMalloced_) { if (!isMalloced_) {
// Minimum size for 1st block is 32kB // Minimum size for 1st block is 32kB
long size = std::max(32768 * (1 + need / 32768), size_); long size = EXV_MAX(32768 * (1 + need / 32768), size_);
byte* data = (byte*)std::malloc(size); byte* data = (byte*)std::malloc(size);
std::memcpy(data, data_, size_); std::memcpy(data, data_, size_);
data_ = data; data_ = data;
@ -773,7 +891,7 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
long MemIo::read(byte* buf, long rcount) long MemIo::read(byte* buf, long rcount)
{ {
long avail = size_ - idx_; long avail = size_ - idx_;
long allow = std::min(rcount, avail); long allow = EXV_MIN(rcount, avail);
std::memcpy(buf, &data_[idx_], allow); std::memcpy(buf, &data_[idx_], allow);
idx_ += allow; idx_ += allow;
if (rcount > avail) eof_ = true; if (rcount > avail) eof_ = true;

50
src/basicio.hpp
Unescape Escape View File

@ -35,15 +35,6 @@
// + standard includes // + standard includes
#include <string> #include <string>
#include <memory>
#include <cstdio>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
// MSVC doesn't provide mode_t
#ifdef _MSC_VER
typedef unsigned short mode_t;
#endif
// ***************************************************************************** // *****************************************************************************
// namespace extensions // namespace extensions
@ -505,44 +496,9 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
//! Assignment operator //! Assignment operator
FileIo& operator=(const FileIo& rhs); FileIo& operator=(const FileIo& rhs);
// Enumeration // Pimpl idiom
enum OpMode { opRead, opWrite, opSeek }; class Impl;
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH Impl* p_;
enum WpMode { wpStandard, wpUnicode };
#endif
// DATA
std::string path_;
#ifdef EXV_UNICODE_PATH
std::wstring wpath_;
WpMode wpMode_;
#endif
std::string openMode_;
FILE *fp_;
OpMode opMode_;
byte* pMappedArea_;
size_t mappedLength_;
bool isMalloced_; //!< Is the mapped area allocated?
bool isWriteable_; //!< Can the mapped area be written to?
// TYPES
//! Simple struct stat wrapper for internal use
struct StructStat {
StructStat() : st_mode(0), st_size(0) {}
mode_t st_mode; //!< Permissions
off_t st_size; //!< Size
};
// METHODS
/*!
@brief Switch to a new access mode, reopening the file if needed.
Optimized to only reopen the file when it is really necessary.
@param opMode The mode to switch to.
@return 0 if successful
*/
EXV_DLLLOCAL int switchMode(OpMode opMode);
//! stat wrapper for internal use
EXV_DLLLOCAL int stat(StructStat& buf) const;
}; // class FileIo }; // class FileIo

6
src/tiffcomposite.cpp
Unescape Escape View File

@ -635,7 +635,7 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
assert(def != 0); assert(def != 0);
uint16_t tag = static_cast<uint16_t>(idx / cfg()->tagStep()); uint16_t tag = static_cast<uint16_t>(idx / cfg()->tagStep());
int32_t sz = std::min(def->size(tag, cfg()->group_), TiffEntryBase::doSize() - idx); int32_t sz = EXV_MIN(def->size(tag, cfg()->group_), TiffEntryBase::doSize() - idx);
TiffComponent::AutoPtr tc = TiffCreator::create(tag, cfg()->group_); TiffComponent::AutoPtr tc = TiffCreator::create(tag, cfg()->group_);
TiffBinaryElement* tp = dynamic_cast<TiffBinaryElement*>(tc.get()); TiffBinaryElement* tp = dynamic_cast<TiffBinaryElement*>(tc.get());
// The assertion typically fails if a component is not configured in // The assertion typically fails if a component is not configured in
@ -1674,13 +1674,13 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
uint32_t idx = 0; uint32_t idx = 0;
for (Components::const_iterator i = elements_.begin(); i != elements_.end(); ++i) { for (Components::const_iterator i = elements_.begin(); i != elements_.end(); ++i) {
idx = std::max(idx, (*i)->tag() * cfg()->tagStep()); idx = EXV_MAX(idx, (*i)->tag() * cfg()->tagStep());
idx += (*i)->size(); idx += (*i)->size();
} }
if (cfg()->hasFillers_ && def()) { if (cfg()->hasFillers_ && def()) {
const ArrayDef* lastDef = def() + defSize() - 1; const ArrayDef* lastDef = def() + defSize() - 1;
uint16_t lastTag = static_cast<uint16_t>(lastDef->idx_ / cfg()->tagStep()); uint16_t lastTag = static_cast<uint16_t>(lastDef->idx_ / cfg()->tagStep());
idx = std::max(idx, lastDef->idx_ + lastDef->size(lastTag, cfg()->group_)); idx = EXV_MAX(idx, lastDef->idx_ + lastDef->size(lastTag, cfg()->group_));
} }
return idx; return idx;

4
src/types.hpp
Unescape Escape View File

@ -73,6 +73,10 @@ typedef __int32 int32_t;
*/ */
#define EXV_CALL_MEMBER_FN(object,ptrToMember) ((object).*(ptrToMember)) #define EXV_CALL_MEMBER_FN(object,ptrToMember) ((object).*(ptrToMember))
// Simple min and max macros
#define EXV_MIN(a,b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
#define EXV_MAX(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
// ***************************************************************************** // *****************************************************************************
// forward declarations // forward declarations
struct tm; struct tm;

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